Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Unfavorable Disposition of the Ageing Brain: Neurobiological Moderators of Treatment Response in Late-Life Depression.

The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry·2026
Same author

Brain age prediction in generalized anxiety disorder using a convolutional neural network.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Hippocampal Total, Subregion, and Subfield Volume Alterations in Late-Life Depression.

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging·2026
Same author

Identifying neurodevelopmental signatures of worry: An ultra-high field (7-Tesla) fMRI study among adolescents and young adults.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Longitudinal Changes in White Matter Hypointensities in Recurrent Late-Life Depression.

The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry·2026
Same author

Remission is insufficient: predictors and mechanistic models of recurrence in late-life depression.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease
09:06

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

Published on: June 9, 2018

Gray matter changes in late life depression--a structural MRI analysis.

Carmen Andreescu1, Meryl A Butters, Amy Begley

  • 1The Advanced Center for Interventions and Services Research for Late-life Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the John A Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatric Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
|December 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with reduced gray matter volume in multiple brain regions. Brain changes in LLD may indicate early dementia rather than solely stress-related effects.

More Related Videos

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index
09:57

How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index

Published on: January 2, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease
09:06

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

Published on: June 9, 2018

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index
09:57

How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index

Published on: January 2, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Geriatric Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Late-life depression (LLD) exhibits various brain morphometric changes, often studied via circumscribed region volumes.
  • Understanding these changes in relation to illness onset and duration is crucial for LLD.
  • Potential contributing factors include chronic cortisol exposure and prodromal dementia-related changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gray matter volumetric changes in LLD.
  • To correlate these changes with age of onset and duration of illness.
  • To differentiate between toxic stress and dementia prodrome models in LLD.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 71 LLD subjects with 32 controls using high-resolution T1-weighted MRI.
  • Employed an automated labeling pathway technique for brain MRI processing.
  • Analyzed 24 regions of interest (ROIs), normalizing for brain size using primary visual cortex volume.

Main Results:

  • LLD subjects showed smaller volumes in 17 of 24 ROIs compared to controls.
  • Shorter illness duration and later onset correlated with reduced parahippocampal and inferior parietal volumes.
  • Later onset also correlated with smaller frontal, temporal, cingulum, and putamen volumes.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a dementia prodrome model is more strongly supported in LLD than a toxic stress model.
  • Both processes likely contribute to the diverse volumetric brain changes observed in LLD.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex etiology of LLD-related brain alterations.