Neurocysticercosis in children.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Infectious Diseases
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Cerebral cysticercosis, a parasitic infection of the brain caused by the larval cysts of *Taenia solium*, is a significant cause of neurological morbidity in endemic areas.
• Pediatric cases present unique challenges in diagnosis and management due to developing neurological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of pediatric cerebral cysticercosis.
• To identify risk factors for mortality and long-term neurological sequelae in affected children.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 27 children (3-12 years) diagnosed with cerebral cysticercosis.
• Data collection included clinical features, neuroimaging, treatment modalities (cysticidal drugs, surgery), and follow-up up to 3.9 years.

Main Results:

• Seizures (77.7%) and raised intracranial tension (55.5%) were the most common presentations.
• Meningoencephalitis (18.2%) and obstructive hydrocephalus (14.8%) were also observed.
• Mortality was 18.2%; survivors frequently experienced epilepsy (81.8%), mental subnormality (27.2%), and hyperkinesia (54.5%).

Conclusions:

• Cerebral cysticercosis in children is associated with high rates of neurological deficits and significant mortality.
• Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management, including cysticidal drugs and surgical interventions when necessary, are crucial.
• Long-term neurological follow-up is essential for managing chronic epilepsy and cognitive impairments in survivors.