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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...

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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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New roles for osteoclasts in bone.

Brendan F Boyce1, Zhenqiang Yao, Qian Zhang

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Brendan_Boyce@urmc.rochester.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|December 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoclasts, bone-resorbing cells, also regulate other cell types and immune responses. This highlights their expanded roles beyond bone resorption in skeletal health and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Skeletal Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells derived from mononuclear phagocyte precursors.
  • Traditionally recognized for bone resorption in remodeling and pathology.
  • Emerging evidence suggests broader functions beyond matrix degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the non-resorptive functions of osteoclasts and their precursors (OCPs).
  • To highlight the expanding roles of osteoclasts in osteoimmunology.
  • To discuss implications for bone and joint pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on osteoclast and OCP functions.
  • Analysis of evidence for immunomodulatory and regulatory roles.
  • Synthesis of findings related to skeletal and immune interactions.

Main Results:

  • Osteoclasts and OCPs modulate osteoblastic cell differentiation.
  • They regulate hematopoietic stem cell trafficking from bone marrow.
  • Osteoclasts act as secretory cells involved in immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Osteoclasts and OCPs possess significant functions beyond bone resorption.
  • These cells play crucial roles in the field of osteoimmunology.
  • Understanding these expanded roles is vital for addressing bone and joint diseases.