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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
Published on: March 22, 2019
Spectroscopic detection of methane by use of guided-wave diode-pumped difference-frequency generation
K P Petrov1, A T Ryan, T L Patterson
1Gemfire Corporation, Suite 600, 2471 East Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, USA.
Abstract:
We report spectroscopic gas detection by the use of mid-infrared difference-frequency mixing of two diode lasers in a channel waveguide. The waveguide was fabricated by annealed proton exchange in periodically poled lithium niobate. We generated 3.43-3.73-microm tunable radiation in a single waveguide at room temperature by mixing diode lasers near 780 and 1010 nm. High-resolution spectra of methane were obtained in 2 s with electronically controlled frequency scans of 45 GHz. The use of highly efficient waveguide frequency converters pumped by fiber-coupled diode lasers will permit construction of compact, solid-state, room-temperature mid-infrared sources for use in trace-gas detection.
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