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Maxillofacial trauma treatment protocol
David B Powers1, Michael J Will, Sidney L Bourgeois
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wilford Hall United States Air Force Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, 2200 Bergquist Drive, Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236-9908, USA. David.Powers@Lackland.af.mil
Abstract:
The management of complex maxillofacial injuries sustained in modern warfare or terrorist attack has presented military surgeons with a new form of injury pattern previously not discussed in the medical literature. The unique wounding characteristics of the IED, the portability of the weapon platform, and the relative low cost of development make it an ideal weapon for potential terrorist attacks. If potential future terrorist attacks in the United States follow the same pattern as the incidents currently unfolding in the Middle East, civilian practitioners will be required to manage these wounds early for primary surgical intervention and late for secondary and tertiary reconstructive efforts.
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Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...