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Cognitive control in autism spectrum disorders.

Marjorie Solomon1, Sally J Ozonoff, Neil Cummings

  • 1University of California, Davis, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, United States. marjorie.solomon@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|December 21, 2007
PubMed
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Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show cognitive control deficits, impacting flexible thinking and behavior. These deficits were linked to IQ but not attention or symptom severity in children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive control is crucial for goal-directed behavior.
  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by behavioral inflexibility.
  • Previous research has not clearly identified cognitive correlates of inflexibility in ASDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate cognitive control deficits in children and adolescents with ASDs.
  • Examine the developmental trajectory of cognitive control in ASDs.
  • Determine the relationship between cognitive control deficits and symptoms of inflexible behavior, thoughts, and attention problems.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 31 children and adolescents with ASDs (aged 8-17) and 32 typically developing controls underwent cognitive, diagnostic, and behavioral assessments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cognitive control was measured using a task requiring the inhibition of a prepotent response tendency.
  • Statistical analyses explored group differences, developmental trends, and correlations with clinical measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with ASDs demonstrated significant deficits in cognitive control compared to controls.
    • Younger children with ASDs did not exhibit expected age-related improvements in cognitive control.
    • Cognitive control showed modest correlations with IQ and attention problems, with only the IQ relationship remaining significant after correction.

    Conclusions:

    • Children and adolescents with ASDs exhibit core deficits in cognitive control.
    • The development of cognitive control may be atypical in ASDs.
    • Cognitive control is associated with general cognitive ability (IQ) in this population.