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Ectopic Leydig cells of testis An immunohistochemical study on tissue microarray.

Sun-Young Jun¹, Jae Y Ro, Yong W Park

¹Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology

|January 1, 2008

Summary

Ectopic Leydig cells (LCs) were found in 35% of orchiectomy specimens, exhibiting similar immunohistochemical profiles to interstitial LCs. Calretinin and inhibin are useful markers, though calretinin requires careful interpretation due to cross-reactivity.

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Area of Science:

Histopathology
Cell Biology
Reproductive Medicine

Background:

Ectopic Leydig cells (LCs) incidence ranges from 40% to 90%.
Proposed theories for ectopic LCs include in situ differentiation, migration, and trapping during tubule development.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize ectopic LCs and compare them with interstitial LCs and other cell types.
To evaluate the frequency of ectopic LCs in orchiectomy specimens.

Main Methods:

Immunohistochemistry using calretinin, CD10, inhibin, CK7, and CK20 on 40 orchiectomy specimens.
Tissue microarray technique for precise cellular analysis.

Main Results:

Ectopic LCs were identified in 35% of cases.

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Ectopic LCs showed positive immunoreactivity for calretinin (85.7%) and inhibin (64.3%), similar to interstitial LCs.

Calretinin demonstrated higher sensitivity but lower specificity than inhibin for LC identification.

Conclusions:

Ectopic LCs share immunohistochemical similarities with interstitial LCs.
Calretinin and inhibin are valuable markers for LCs, but differentiation from mesothelial and rete testis cells is crucial.
Existing theories on ectopic LC histogenesis remain valid.