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Updated: Jul 8, 2026
Construction and Characterization of a Novel Vocal Fold Bioreactor
Published on: August 1, 2014
Experimentally induced phonation increases matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene expression in normal rabbit vocal fold
Bernard Rousseau1, PingJiang Ge, Lesley C French
1Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Bill Wilkerson Center for Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Nashville, TN 37232-4480, USA. bernard.rousseau@vanderbilt.edu
Objectives:
An in vivo rabbit model was used to study the effect of 3 hours of experimentally induced phonation on messenger RNA expression of the normal vocal fold.
Study Design:
Prospective; animal model.
Subjects And Methods:
Ten rabbits received experimental phonation for 3 hours, followed by 1 hour of recovery. A separate group of 5 rabbits served as no-phonation controls. We measured messenger RNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, MMP-9, and interleukin-1beta using real-time reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction. Gene expression ratios from phonation and control animals were assessed with the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results:
Phonation (77 +/- 3 dB; 429 +/- 141 Hz) resulted in increased matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene expression from rabbits receiving experimental phonation compared with controls, and a nonsignificant increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 and interleukin-1beta gene expression.
Conclusion:
Matrix metalloproteinases play a role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Investigation of cellular responses to experimental phonation may provide insight into how matrix metalloproteinases and other extracellular matrices contribute to maintenance of the vocal fold and development of pathology.
