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An empirical assessment of generational differences in basic human values
Sean T Lyons1, Linda Duxbury, Christopher Higgins
1Gerald Schwartz School of Business and Information Systems, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada B2G 2W5. slyons@stfx.ca
Psychological Reports
|January 8, 2008
Summary
Generational differences in human values were analyzed. Millennials and Gen Xers prioritized Self-enhancement and Openness to Change over older generations, who valued Self-transcendence and Conservation.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Generational Studies
Background:
- Human values are fundamental guiding principles that influence behavior and attitudes.
- Generational cohorts, shaped by distinct historical and social contexts, may exhibit differing value systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine generational differences in human values using the Schwartz Value Survey.
- To test hypotheses regarding value priorities across four generations: Matures, Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Schwartz Value Survey to measure individual value priorities.
- Analyzed data from a combined sample of 1,194 Canadian knowledge workers and undergraduate business students.
- Employed statistical methods to compare value profiles across generational cohorts.
Main Results:
- Generational hypotheses were largely supported, indicating distinct value patterns.
- Significant differences emerged between Millennials and Generation X regarding Openness to Change and Self-enhancement.
- Older generations (Matures, Baby Boomers) showed higher endorsement of Self-transcendence and Conservation values.
Conclusions:
- Generation is a significant factor in understanding variations in social values.
- The study highlights evolving value landscapes across different age cohorts.
- Findings underscore the importance of considering generational perspectives in social and organizational research.
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