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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
09:44

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Published on: December 23, 2022

Evidence for a human-specific Escherichia coli clone.

Olivier Clermont1, Mathilde Lescat, Claire L O'Brien

  • 1INSERM U722 and Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, France.

Environmental Microbiology
|January 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A specific Escherichia coli clone (B2 subgroup VIII, O81 serotype) is human-specific, not found in animals. This non-pathogenic clone shows potential as a probiotic and for tracking human fecal contamination.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Escherichia coli is a common gut bacterium.
  • Previously, specific E. coli clones were not strongly linked to particular host species.
  • The B2 subgroup VIII clone with O81 serotype shows potential human host specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the host specificity of the E. coli B2 subgroup VIII O81 clone.
  • To determine if this clone is exclusive to humans.

Main Methods:

  • Used a PCR-based assay to screen isolates.
  • Tested 723 human fecal and clinical isolates.
  • Tested 904 animal fecal isolates.

Main Results:

  • The E. coli B2 subgroup VIII O81 clone was absent in all animal isolates.
  • The clone was detected in human isolates from Africa, Europe, and South America.
  • This clone is rarely associated with human disease and is avirulent in mouse models.
  • Epidemiological analysis indicates competitive dominance and increased frequency over 20 years.

Conclusions:

  • The E. coli B2 subgroup VIII O81 clone is highly host-specific to humans.
  • This clone is a potential candidate for probiotic applications.
  • The clone may serve as an effective indicator for human fecal contamination in microbial source tracking.