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Ascorbate system in Dasypyrum villosum from different environments.

C Paciolla1, A Stefani, L De Gara

  • 1Istituto di Botanica, Università di Bari.

Bollettino Della Societa Italiana Di Biologia Sperimentale
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
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This study investigated ascorbic acid levels and related enzyme activity in Dasypyrum villosum populations from diverse environments. Lower enzyme activity was observed in populations from the driest, warmest regions, highlighting ascorbic acid peroxidase

Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology and biochemistry
  • Environmental adaptation in plants
  • Antioxidant systems in crops

Background:

  • The ascorbic acid (AA) system plays a crucial role in plant cellular metabolism and stress response.
  • Enzymes within the AA system, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and ascorbate free radical reductase (AFR), are vital for managing reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Dasypyrum villosum, a wild relative of wheat, exhibits diverse adaptations to various environmental conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the ascorbic acid content and the activity of redox enzymes within the AA system in four distinct populations of Dasypyrum villosum.
  • To investigate how environmental factors, specifically aridity and temperature, influence the AA system's components.
  • To elucidate the specific role of ascorbate peroxidase (AA peroxidase) in scavenging hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced during cellular metabolism in D. villosum.

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Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ascorbic acid content in plant tissues.
  • Assay of redox-enzyme activities, specifically ascorbate free radical reductase (AFR reductase) and AA peroxidase.
  • Comparative study across four D. villosum populations originating from contrasting environmental conditions.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in ascorbic acid content and AA system enzyme activities were found among the four D. villosum populations.
  • Populations of D. villosum from the driest and warmest environment (Pachino) exhibited lower activities of both AFR reductase and AA peroxidase compared to other populations.
  • The study confirmed that AA peroxidase functions as the primary enzyme responsible for scavenging hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by normal cell metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental conditions, particularly aridity and heat, impact the ascorbic acid system's functionality in Dasypyrum villosum.
  • Ascorbate peroxidase is a key enzyme in mitigating oxidative stress by neutralizing H2O2 in D. villosum.
  • Understanding these adaptive mechanisms is crucial for crop improvement and breeding programs focused on stress tolerance.