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Profiling expression changes caused by a segmental aneuploid in maize.

Irina Makarevitch1, Ronald L Phillips, Nathan M Springer

  • 1Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St, Paul MN 55108, USA. springer@umn.edu.

BMC Genomics
|January 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Aneuploidy in maize causes distinct phenotypes and altered gene expression. Most gene expression changes are dosage-dependent and located within affected chromosomal regions, but some show unexpected alterations.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Aneuploidy, or abnormal chromosome number, is linked to developmental disorders and cancer.
  • The molecular mechanisms driving aneuploidy phenotypes and gene expression changes are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phenotypic and gene expression alterations in a segmental aneuploid maize model.
  • To identify genes and pathways affected by altered gene dosage.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of segmental aneuploidy in maize (trisomic for 90% of chromosome 5 short arm, monosomic for a chromosome 6 distal portion).
  • Phenotypic analysis including stature, tassel morphology, and leaf characteristics.
  • Gene expression profiling using transcript levels.

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Main Results:

  • Aneuploid maize exhibited reduced stature, altered tassel morphology, and leaf knots.
  • Ectopic expression of the knox10 gene in developing leaves was observed.
  • Approximately 40% of genes in the trisomic region showed a 1.5-fold increase in transcript levels; 60% did not.

Conclusions:

  • Altered gene expression in aneuploids is largely confined to affected chromosomal regions and shows dosage-dependent changes.
  • Some genes displayed expression changes not predicted by gene dosage or location.
  • Segmental aneuploidy in maize provides a model to study gene dosage effects and their phenotypic consequences.