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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

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Endurance exercise training reduces gallstone development in mice.

Kenneth R Wilund1, Laura A Feeney, Emily J Tomayko

  • 1Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, 906 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA. kwilund@uiuc.edu

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|January 12, 2008
PubMed
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Regular exercise significantly reduces gallstone formation by enhancing cholesterol metabolism. Endurance training in mice lowered gallstone weight and altered gene expression for improved cholesterol clearance and bile acid production.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic research
  • Exercise physiology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Gallstones develop due to elevated cholesterol saturation in bile.
  • Physical inactivity is suspected to promote gallstone formation, but mechanisms are unclear.
  • Exercise's role in preventing gallstones and its underlying molecular pathways require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of endurance exercise on gallstone formation.
  • To analyze the effects of exercise on genes regulating bile cholesterol metabolism.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which exercise may prevent gallstones.

Main Methods:

  • Male C57L/J mice were fed a lithogenic diet for 12 weeks.
  • Mice were divided into exercise (treadmill) and sedentary groups.

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  • Gallstone weight and hepatic gene expression (LDLr, SRB1, Cyp27) were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Exercise training resulted in 2.5-fold less gallstone weight compared to sedentary mice.
    • Hepatic expression of LDLr, SRB1, and Cyp27 increased approximately 2-fold in exercising mice.
    • These gene expression changes indicate enhanced cholesterol uptake and bile acid synthesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Endurance exercise inhibits gallstone formation in mice.
    • Exercise promotes hepatic gene expression that increases cholesterol clearance from circulation.
    • Exercise simultaneously enhances cholesterol catabolism to bile acids, reducing bile cholesterol saturation and gallstone risk.