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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

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Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
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Exercise Stress Test01:26

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Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
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Intradialytic exercise: a controlled nationwide effectiveness-implementation study.

Pedro M Martins1,2, Diogo V Leal1, Aníbal A Ferreira2,3,4

  • 1Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal.

Clinical Kidney Journal
|March 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intradialytic exercise is safe and effective for hemodialysis patients, improving physical function and body composition. While large-scale implementation is feasible, further interventions may be needed to enhance outcomes.

Keywords:
RE-AIM frameworkchronic kidney diseasehemodialysisphysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Efficacy studies confirm intradialytic exercise benefits, but real-world effectiveness data is limited.
  • This study assessed the nationwide clinical implementation of intradialytic exercise as a standard practice.
  • Investigated safety, physical function, and body composition changes associated with intradialytic exercise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of a nationwide intradialytic exercise program.
  • To assess the safety and impact of intradialytic exercise on physical function and body composition.
  • To analyze the implementation outcomes using the RE-AIM framework.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the first year of implementation using the RE-AIM framework.
  • Compared 347 participants undergoing intradialytic exercise with 394 controls who refused.
  • Assessed physical function via 8-foot up and go, sit-to-stand, and single leg stance tests; body composition via multifrequency bioimpedance.

Main Results:

  • 20 hemodialysis units (55.6%) adopted the intervention, reaching 55.8% of eligible patients.
  • Patients completed 86.3 min/week of aerobic exercise with 75% adherence; attrition rate was 57.2%.
  • Significant improvements in physical function and favorable changes in lean tissue mass and body cell mass were observed; lower incidence of cramps.

Conclusions:

  • Large-scale intradialytic exercise implementation is realistic, safe, and effective in clinical practice.
  • The study highlights the feasibility of integrating intradialytic exercise into routine care.
  • Limited implementation outcomes suggest the need for complementary interventions to maximize benefits.