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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Arthroscopic Excision of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts Using a Double Posteromedial Approach
05:44

Arthroscopic Excision of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts Using a Double Posteromedial Approach

Published on: October 20, 2023

Lateral meniscal cyst causing common peroneal palsy.

Andrew J L Jowett1, Jaquie F A Johnston, Francesco Gaillard

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Level 7, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia. billyjowett@gmail.com

Skeletal Radiology
|January 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lateral meniscal cysts can rarely irritate the common peroneal nerve. This case details a cyst causing both sensory and motor deficits, successfully treated with cyst resection and meniscal repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Lateral meniscal cysts are common knee abnormalities.
  • Common peroneal nerve irritation by these cysts is rare.
  • Compromise of both sensory and motor nerve function is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with a palpable lateral meniscal cyst.
  • Symptoms included numbness and weakness in the common peroneal nerve distribution.
  • MRI revealed an oblique lateral meniscal tear with a multiloculated cyst encroaching on the nerve.

Findings:

  • Surgical exploration confirmed the cyst's anatomical course as seen on MRI.
  • Histology identified the cyst as synovial.
  • Resection of the cyst and arthroscopic excision of the meniscal tear resolved symptoms.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a rare presentation of lateral meniscal cysts.
  • It underscores the importance of considering meniscal cysts in cases of common peroneal nerve dysfunction.
  • Successful surgical management offers a treatment option for this rare condition.