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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

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In vitro comparison of three different mesh constructions.

Dirk Weyhe1, Orlin Belyaev, Goetz Buettner

  • 1Department of Surgery, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany. d.weyhe@elis-stiftung.de

ANZ Journal of Surgery
|January 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Mesh construction, not just material amount, significantly impacts biocompatibility in hernia repair. A composite mesh combining polypropylene and polyglactin fibers elicited a stronger foreign body reaction than pure polypropylene meshes in vitro.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Biocompatibility of mesh implants for hernia repair is crucial.
  • Material amount and pore size are known determinants of mesh biocompatibility.
  • The influence of other constructional parameters on early foreign body reaction requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro foreign body reaction to different hernia mesh constructions.
  • To determine if mesh filament construction impacts fibroblast behavior and inflammatory response.
  • To evaluate the role of composite materials in modulating the biological response.

Main Methods:

  • NRK-49F fibroblast cultures were incubated with light polypropylene, heavy polypropylene, and polypropylene/polyglactin composite meshes.

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  • Fibroblast proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis rates were quantified.
  • Secretion levels of key cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) were measured over 96 hours.

    • Main Results:

    • All tested meshes enhanced fibroblast proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis compared to controls.
    • The composite mesh significantly increased cell turnover and IL-6 levels.
    • The composite mesh also significantly suppressed transforming growth factor-beta1 levels compared to pure polypropylene meshes.

    Conclusions:

    • The filament construction of hernia meshes, particularly composite designs, significantly influences the early foreign body reaction.
    • Material reduction alone did not attenuate the foreign body reaction.
    • This in vitro model effectively predicts mesh biocompatibility, aligning with animal and clinical findings.