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Coil embolization of coronary artery fistulas. A single-centre experience
Zuheir Kabbani1, Luis Garcia-Nielsen, Maria Luisa Lozano
1Interventional Cardiology, Hospiten Group, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Insights
Percutaneous closure of congenital coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) using microcoils or Hydrocoils is a safe and effective treatment. This minimally invasive approach resolves symptoms and avoids complications in patients with suitable anatomy.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
Background:
- Congenital coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare anomaly.
- CAFs can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if symptomatic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous treatment for congenital coronary artery fistulas.
- To report the experience with transcatheter closure of CAFs.
Main Methods:
- Percutaneous closure of five CAFs in four symptomatic patients.
- Utilized microcoils and Hydrocoils for fistula occlusion.
- CAFs originated from the left anterior descending artery or right coronary sinus, draining into the pulmonary artery.
Main Results:
- Complete occlusion of all treated CAFs was achieved.
- No procedure-related complications occurred.
- All patients remained asymptomatic during follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Transcatheter closure of CAFs with microcoils/Hydrocoils is feasible and safe for suitable anatomies.
- Percutaneous treatment is a valid therapeutic option for symptomatic patients with CAFs.
Background And Purpose:
Congenital coronary artery fistula (CAF) is an uncommon anomaly. It can become symptomatic, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report our experience in percutaneous treatment of CAF.
Methods And Results:
Four patients with five CAFs were treated. All were symptomatic at admission. Four fistulas rose from the left anterior descending coronary artery. The fifth originated from the right coronary sinus. All drained into the pulmonary artery. Percutaneous treatment was performed using microcoils in two cases and Hydrocoils in the last two patients (three fistulas). A complete occlusion was achieved in all. There was no complication related with the procedure, and all were asymptomatic at the follow-up.
Conclusions:
Transcatheter closure of CAFs with microcoils/Hydrocoils is feasible and safe in the anatomically suitable vessels, with low rates of complications. Percutaneous treatment with microcoils/Hydrocoils is a valid option in symptomatic patients.
