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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Using Phage Display to Develop Ubiquitin Variant Modulators for E3 Ligases
Published on: August 27, 2021
Ubiquitin ligases as therapeutic targets in HIV-1 infection
Jörg Votteler1, Ulrich Schubert
1University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. Joerg.Votteler@viro.med.uni-erlangen.de
Background:
Introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to a profound reduction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related mortality; although, the complete eradication of the virus from infected individuals has never been achieved. In addition, due to the high mutation and evolution rate, drug-resistant viruses are continuously emerging.
Objective:
Genetically more stable cellular pathways represent attractive targets for innovative antiviral strategies, especially the ubiquitin proteasome system, which regulates various steps in the HIV replication cycle.
Methods:
This review focuses on certain interactions of HIV and E3 ligases as a major player in the ubiquitin proteasome system.
Results/Conclusion:
Due to the importance in HIV replication, and together with the high substrate specificity, E3 ligases can be considered as bona fide targets to interfere with HIV infection.
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