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The upper respiratory tract: mucous membrane irritation.

R Bascom1

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Sick building syndrome often involves upper respiratory irritation. Research is needed to understand the causes and develop new methods for studying indoor air quality effects on nasal symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Occupational Medicine
  • Rhinology

Background:

  • Mucosal irritation is a key feature of sick building syndrome.
  • Nasal symptoms affect 20-60% of building occupants.
  • Limited data exist on the causes and pathophysiology of upper respiratory irritation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of upper respiratory mucosal irritation in sick building syndrome.
  • To highlight the need for new research methods to study irritant effects.
  • To explore the basis of symptoms in individuals sensitive to common indoor air pollutants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sick building syndrome and upper respiratory symptoms.
  • Discussion of new techniques in nasal challenge and lavage fluid analysis.
  • Mention of human inhalation challenge studies and in vitro/animal studies.

Main Results:

  • Human studies show varied sensitivity to environmental tobacco smoke.
  • Chemosensitive neurons and airway epithelium are potential targets for irritants.
  • A subset of individuals reports symptoms from common volatile organic compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is essential to understand the etiology and pathophysiology of irritant-induced upper respiratory symptoms.
  • Development of field study methods is needed to assess complex indoor air mixtures.
  • Understanding individual sensitivity to indoor pollutants is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.

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