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Pedigree Analysis

Pedigree Analysis

Pedigree Analysis

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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

Gene Duplication and Divergence

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.

Genetic Variation

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles, which...

Non-nuclear Inheritance

Non-nuclear Inheritance

Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm⁠—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria⁠—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

Jenti: an efficient tool for mining complex inbred genealogies.

Mario Falchi¹, Christian Fuchsberger

¹Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Kings College London, UK. m.falchi@imperial.ac.uk

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

|January 29, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new tool efficiently mines complex inbred genealogies, identifying relatedness clusters. It also systematically reconstructs sub-pedigrees for genetic mapping applications.

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A Pathway Association Study Tool for GWAS Analyses of Metabolic Pathway Information

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Area of Science:

Genetics
Bioinformatics
Computational Biology

Background:

Complex inbred genealogies present challenges in genetic analysis.
Identifying individuals with shared relatedness is crucial for genetic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe an efficient computational tool for analyzing complex inbred genealogies.
To enable the identification of individuals with similar expected relatedness.
To facilitate the systematic reconstruction of sub-pedigrees for genetic mapping.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel algorithm for genealogy mining.
Implementation of methods to cluster individuals based on relatedness.
Creation of a procedure for sub-pedigree reconstruction.

Main Results:

The tool efficiently identifies clusters of individuals with identical expected relatedness.
A systematic approach for reconstructing sub-pedigrees is established.
The software provides a valuable resource for genetic mapping.

Conclusions:

The described tool offers an efficient solution for analyzing complex inbred genealogies.
It supports the identification of relatedness clusters and systematic sub-pedigree reconstruction.
This facilitates advanced genetic mapping studies.