[Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Apropos of a case]

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is most frequently characterised by the presence of gaseous cysts, in the intra-parietal, subserous or sub-mucous zones of the colon. This complaint, with symptoms of non specific colic and the cause of chronic pain, generally progresses favourably but can be responsible for surgical complications. Characteristic signs are detected on an plain abdominal X-ray and by colonoscopy. The diagnosis can be established by CT or by ultrasonography but needs carefully trained operators. CT remains the most successful technique for the initial diagnosis and subsequent follow-up. Ultrasonography can also be used for follow-up. As the lesions regress rapidly, the diagnosis must established rapidly, otherwise the disorder might easily be incorrectly diagnosed.