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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
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Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods
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Polymorphism and solvatomorphism 2006.

Harry G Brittain1

  • 1Center for Pharmaceutical Physics, 10 Charles Road, Milford, New Jersey 08848, USA. hbrittain@centerpharmphysics.com

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|January 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This review summarizes 2006 research on polymorphism and solvatomorphism, covering crystal structures with identical or solvent-included elemental compositions. It highlights computational, preparative, and characterization studies, including patents.

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Polymorphism involves different crystal structures of the same compound.
  • Solvatomorphism describes crystal structures incorporating solvent molecules.
  • Understanding these phenomena is crucial in pharmaceuticals and materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of polymorphism and solvatomorphism research published in 2006.
  • To consolidate findings from major scientific journals and patent literature.
  • To categorize and analyze advancements in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of articles and patents from 2006.
  • Categorization of studies into thematic sections.

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  • Analysis of computational, theoretical, preparative, and characterization data.
  • Main Results:

    • A wide range of studies on polymorphic and solvatomorphic systems were published.
    • Significant advancements were noted in computational modeling, synthesis, and characterization techniques.
    • Phase transformations and secondary processing effects were key areas of investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • The year 2006 saw continued significant research in polymorphism and solvatomorphism.
    • Interdisciplinary approaches combining theory, experiment, and patent analysis are vital.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand and control these crystal phenomena.