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Related Experiment Video

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Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm
09:49

Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm

Published on: December 24, 2015

I'd know that face anywhere!

Vincenza Gruppuso1, D Stephen Lindsay, Michael E J Masson

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. vincenza@uvic.ca

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|January 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Encountering familiar faces in new contexts can create a feeling of familiarity without recollection. This study shows context changes reduce recollection but not familiarity, supporting dual-process memory models.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The "butcher on the bus" phenomenon describes familiarity without specific recall.
  • Understanding context's influence on memory recognition is crucial for cognitive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of contextual changes on face recognition memory.
  • To differentiate the roles of recollection and familiarity in recognition judgments.
  • To evaluate signal-detection and dual-process models of memory.

Main Methods:

  • Participants studied faces paired with distinctive contexts.
  • Recognition memory and "remember/know" judgments were tested with studied, switched, or new contexts.
  • Recollection and familiarity were estimated assuming independent processes.

Main Results:

  • Switching contexts significantly reduced recollection while preserving familiarity.
  • Higher false alarm rates occurred with old contexts, indicating misattribution.
  • Dual-process models better explained the data than one-dimensional signal-detection models.

Conclusions:

  • Contextual shifts critically impact the subjective experience of face recognition.
  • Evidence supports dual-process theories in explaining memory phenomena like familiarity without recollection.
  • Findings offer insights into the interplay between context, familiarity, and recollection in memory.