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Quantum turbulence in a propagating superfluid vortex front.

V B Eltsov1, A I Golov, R de Graaf

  • 1Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 5100, 02015 HUT, Finland.

Physical Review Letters
|February 1, 2008
PubMed
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The study reveals how vortex fronts in superfluid 3He-B transition from laminar to quantum turbulence as temperature drops. Dissipation becomes independent of mutual friction and is suppressed at low temperatures.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Fluids
  • Superfluidity

Background:

  • Superfluid 3He-B exhibits complex vortex dynamics.
  • Understanding turbulence in quantum systems is crucial.
  • Vortex fronts are key to studying transitions in superfluids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of vortex fronts in rotating superfluid 3He-B.
  • To characterize the transition from laminar to turbulent flow.
  • To measure dissipation rates in turbulent vortex dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements of vortex front propagation.
  • Numerical simulations of superfluid hydrodynamics.
  • Theoretical analysis of vortex dynamics and turbulence.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Observed a transition from laminar to quasiclassical turbulent to quantum turbulent flow with decreasing temperature.
  • Provided the first direct measurement of dissipation rate in turbulent vortex dynamics of 3He-B.
  • Demonstrated mutual-friction independent dissipation at low temperatures, suppressed by Kelvin-wave cascades.

Conclusions:

  • The nature of vortex fronts is highly sensitive to temperature.
  • Dissipation mechanisms in quantum turbulence differ significantly from classical turbulence.
  • Kelvin-wave cascades play a critical role in energy transfer in superfluid turbulence.