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Abnormal functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorders during face processing.

Natalia M Kleinhans1, Todd Richards, Lindsey Sterling

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. nkleinha@u.washington.edu

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|February 1, 2008
PubMed
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is linked to altered brain connectivity. This study found reduced functional connectivity in the amygdala for individuals with ASD, correlating with social impairments.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social interaction deficits.
  • Altered functional brain connectivity is increasingly recognized as a potential neural correlate of ASD symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional connectivity within the limbic system during face identification in adults with ASD.
  • To explore the relationship between functional connectivity abnormalities and clinical severity in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Used fMRI to examine functional connectivity during face identification in 19 high-functioning adults with ASD and 21 controls.
  • Localized the fusiform face area (FFA) as a seed region for connectivity analyses.
  • Correlated functional connectivity measures with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) social scores.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Both ASD and control groups showed significant FFA-amygdala and FFA-superior temporal sulcus connectivity.
  • Controls exhibited greater connectivity to the left amygdala and posterior cingulate compared to the ASD group.
  • In the ASD group, reduced FFA-amygdala connectivity correlated with greater social impairment, while increased FFA-right inferior frontal connectivity was also observed.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal functional neural connections within the limbic system may underlie the social deficits seen in autism spectrum disorder.
  • Specific connectivity patterns, such as reduced FFA-amygdala coupling, are associated with the severity of social impairments in ASD.