Mechanisms linking physical activity with cancer.
1Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. amctiern@fhcrc.org
Nature Reviews. Cancer
|February 1, 2008
Summary
Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight can significantly lower cancer risk. Exercise impacts hormones and inflammation, potentially improving outcomes for cancer patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Preventive Medicine
- Exercise Science
Background:
- Approximately 25% of global cancer cases are linked to excess weight and physical inactivity.
- Sedentary lifestyles and obesity are significant modifiable risk factors for numerous cancer types.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the multifaceted role of physical activity in cancer prevention and prognosis.
- To elucidate the biological mechanisms through which physical activity influences cancer risk and outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of randomized clinical trials investigating physical activity interventions and their effects on cancer biomarkers.
- Analysis of observational studies examining the association between physical activity levels and cancer prognosis.
- Examination of proposed mechanisms including hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory pathways.
Main Results:
- Physical activity interventions demonstrably alter key biomarkers associated with cancer risk.
- Evidence suggests physical activity influences sex hormones, metabolic hormones, and inflammation, contributing to cancer risk reduction.
- Physical activity levels may correlate with improved prognosis in individuals diagnosed with cancer.
Conclusions:
- Physical activity is a crucial factor in reducing cancer incidence and potentially improving patient outcomes.
- Understanding the mechanisms linking physical activity to cancer can inform public health strategies and clinical practice.
- Promoting physical activity is a vital component of comprehensive cancer control and survivorship efforts.
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