Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and Modulators Based Therapy (CFTR) in oral and salivary perspectives: A single center cross-sectional study.

Respiratory medicine·2025
Same author

Active alignment control system for thin disk regenerative amplifier.

The Review of scientific instruments·2025
Same author

Alterations of sleep initiation in NREM parasomnia after sleep deprivation - A multimodal pilot study.

Sleep medicine: X·2023
Same author

Chemobrain in blood cancers: How chemotherapeutics interfere with the brain's structure and functionality, immune system, and metabolic functions.

Medicinal research reviews·2023
Same author

Novel concept suppressing plasma heat pulses in a tokamak by fast divertor sweeping.

Scientific reports·2022
Same author

Correction to: Digital messaging to support control for type 2 diabetes (StAR2D): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

BMC public health·2022

Related Experiment Videos

[Thyroid malfunction in pregnancy].

D Springer1, J Horácek, D Hauerová

  • 1UKBLD VFN a 1. LF UK, Praha.

Ceska Gynekologie
|February 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screening pregnant women for thyroid dysfunction is crucial, as 5% have hypothyroidism and 15% thyroid antibodies (TPOAb), risking fetal development. Early screening before or during early pregnancy is recommended.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Reproductive Health

Context:

  • Thyroid function screening in pregnant women has been debated for over 15 years due to potential complications.
  • Maternal thyroid dysfunction is linked to pregnancy complications and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in children.

Purpose:

  • To assess thyroid parameters: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and free thyroxine (FT4).
  • To evaluate thyroid function in 4500 pregnant women during the first trimester across three Czech centers.

Summary:

  • 5% of pregnant women exhibited subclinical hypothyroidism (elevated TSH).
  • Low FT4 levels, a risk to fetal intellectual development, were found in 17 out of 120 women with TSH > 4.00 mU/l.
  • Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were positive in 15% of women, indicating an increased risk of thyroid malfunction.

Impact:

  • The study highlights a significant prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women.
  • Results support the need for a discussion on implementing thyroid screening programs in the Czech Republic.
  • Recommendations include pre-conception or early pregnancy screening and establishing systematic collaboration among healthcare professionals and laboratories for standardized diagnostic procedures.