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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Glomerular Filtration01:15

Glomerular Filtration

The filtration membrane in the renal system is a highly specialized structure essential for filtering blood. It consists of glomerular capillaries and podocytes, forming a selective barrier that permits the passage of water and small solutes while restricting most plasma proteins and blood cells.
Components of the Filtration Membrane
The filtration process involves three key layers: the glomerular endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and the podocyte-formed filtration slits.
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation01:28

Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation

The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
GFR regulation involves two primary intrinsic controls: the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
The myogenic...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
06:39

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation

Published on: August 19, 2020

[Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis].

Tibor Vas, Péter Degrell, István Pintér

    Orvosi Hetilap
    |February 2, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary

    Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney disease affecting podocytes, with various subtypes now classified. New therapeutic strategies include drugs for renal protection and steroid therapy for primary FSGS.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Pathology
    • Glomerular Diseases

    Context:

    • Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a significant glomerular injury.
    • It presents with distinct histological subtypes and clinical manifestations.
    • The Columbia classification has recently systematized these subtypes.

    Purpose:

    • To review the classification and understanding of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
    • To highlight FSGS as a primary podocytopathy.
    • To discuss emerging therapeutic approaches.

    Summary:

    • FSGS is characterized by specific light microscopy findings and is a major podocytopathy.
    • Both primary and increasingly recognized secondary forms of FSGS exist.
    • Therapeutic options are expanding with renal protective drugs and steroid therapy for idiopathic cases.

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    An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney

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    Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

    Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
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    Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation

    Published on: August 19, 2020

    An Efficient and Fast Method for Labeling and Analyzing Mouse Glomeruli
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    An Efficient and Fast Method for Labeling and Analyzing Mouse Glomeruli

    Published on: February 9, 2024

    An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
    10:14

    An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney

    Published on: November 1, 2018

    Impact:

    • Improved classification aids in understanding FSGS heterogeneity.
    • Recognition of podocyte involvement deepens knowledge of glomerular injury.
    • Emerging therapies offer new hope for managing FSGS patients.