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Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves

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Published on: May 10, 2020

Asphericity in supernova explosions from late-time spectroscopy.

Keiichi Maeda¹, Koji Kawabata, Paolo A Mazzali

¹Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-no-ha 5-1-5, Kashiwa City, Chiba 277-8582, Japan. maeda@ea.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 2, 2008

Summary

Most core-collapse supernovae (CC-SNe) from stripped-envelope stars show signs of asymmetric explosions. Those linked to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) display the most significant asymmetry.

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Area of Science:

Astrophysics
Stellar Evolution
Supernovae

Background:

Core-collapse supernovae (CC-SNe) mark the end of massive stars' lives.
Some CC-SNe are associated with highly asymmetric, long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs).
The prevalence of asymmetry in all CC-SNe remains an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the extent of asphericity in the inner regions of stripped-envelope CC-SNe.
To determine if asymmetry is a common feature across all CC-SNe from stripped-envelope stars.

Main Methods:

Analysis of late-time spectra from multiple CC-SNe originating from stripped-envelope stars.
Examination of oxygen emission-line profiles for signatures of asymmetric explosions.
Comparison of asymmetry levels between GRB-associated supernovae and other CC-SNe.

Main Results:

A significant fraction of observed CC-SNe exhibited double-peaked oxygen emission lines.
These double-peaked profiles are indicative of asymmetric ejecta from the explosion.
The study found a high incidence of asymmetry in CC-SNe from stripped-envelope stars.

Conclusions:

All core-collapse supernovae from stripped-envelope stars appear to be asymmetric explosions.
Supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts display the highest degrees of asphericity.
Asymmetry is a fundamental characteristic of stripped-envelope supernovae, with GRB-associated events being the most extreme.