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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Improving High Viscosity Extrusion of Microcrystals for Time-resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at X-ray Lasers
07:26

Improving High Viscosity Extrusion of Microcrystals for Time-resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at X-ray Lasers

Published on: February 28, 2019

9.6K

A robotic goniometer exchanger for high-throughput single-crystal X-ray diffraction at SPring-8.

Yuiga Nakamura1, Sumit Ranjan Maity1, Toshiyuki Sasaki1

  • 1Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyôgo 679-5198, Japan.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|April 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new robotic arm system for single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) at SPring-8 offers efficient sample handling. This automated system achieves data quality comparable to conventional goniometers, supporting high-throughput experiments.

Keywords:
automationhigh-energy X-raysrobotic-arm diffractometersingle-crystal X-ray diffractionsynchrotron instrumentation

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Improving High Viscosity Extrusion of Microcrystals for Time-resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at X-ray Lasers
07:26

Improving High Viscosity Extrusion of Microcrystals for Time-resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at X-ray Lasers

Published on: February 28, 2019

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Synchrotron Radiation

Background:

  • High-throughput single-crystal diffraction requires efficient sample handling.
  • Modern synchrotron facilities demand automated and reliable systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement and evaluate a compact six-axis robotic arm as a diffractometer for high-energy X-ray diffraction.
  • To assess the system's performance in terms of data quality and positional accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • A compact six-axis robotic arm was integrated into the BL02B1 beamline at SPring-8.
  • Coordinated six-axis motion was utilized for virtual rotation and conventional ω-scan geometry.
  • Diffraction data were collected and compared with results from a conventional goniometer.

Main Results:

  • The robotic-arm system achieved an internal agreement factor (Rint) of 0.117, comparable to a conventional goniometer (Rint = 0.134).
  • Positional deviation during ω-scans was approximately ±17 µm, with a spindle position standard deviation of 0.14°.
  • The accuracy is sufficient for diffraction experiments using large beam sizes and high-energy X-rays.

Conclusions:

  • The robotic-arm system provides a flexible platform for automated sample handling in high-throughput diffraction.
  • Its compact design and programmable motion control support the SPring-8-II upgrade.
  • This technology enhances efficiency for single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments at synchrotron facilities.