Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
Published on: April 16, 2019
Human leucocyte antigen class II association in idiopathic bronchiectasis, a disease of chronic lung infection,
1Lung Immunology Group, NHLI, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK. r.boyton@imperial.ac.uk
Abstract:
The aetiology of idiopathic bronchiectasis, a lung disease where chronic inflammation and bacterial infection leads to progressive lung damage, is unknown. A possible role for natural killer cells has been highlighted previously. However, a role for adaptive immunity is suggested by the presence of CD4 and CD8 T cells in diseased lung tissue. Evidence of a human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II disease association would further implicate a role for adaptive immunity. To establish if there is any HLA association, we analysed HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 alleles in patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis and controls. Genomic DNA from 92 adults with idiopathic bronchiectasis and 101 healthy controls was analysed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. We found an increase in the prevalence of HLA-DRB1*01 DQA1*01/DQB1*05 genes in idiopathic bronchiectasis; that is, the HLA-DR1, DQ5 haplotype (odds ratio 2.19, 95% confidence interval 1.15-4.16, P = 0.0152) compared with control subjects. The association with HLA-DR1, DQ5 implicates a role for CD4 T cells restricted by these molecules in susceptibility to the progressive lung damage seen in this disease. This may operate either through influencing susceptibility to specific pathogens or to self-reactivity and requires further investigation.
More Related Videos
11:02Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry
Published on: January 20, 2017
07:21Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Asthma I: Introduction
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...