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Related Concept Videos

Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

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Related Experiment Videos

Dietary supplements for osteoarthritis.

Philip J Gregory1, Morgan Sperry, Amy Friedman Wilson

  • 1Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA. pgregory@creighton.edu

American Family Physician
|February 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Glucosamine sulfate may improve osteoarthritis pain and slow knee osteoarthritis progression. While chondroitin sulfate also helps symptoms, evidence does not support their combination being more effective than individual use for joint health.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease.
  • Dietary supplements are widely used by OA patients, with up to one-third utilizing them.
  • Glucosamine-containing supplements are among the most popular OA treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for commonly used dietary supplements in managing osteoarthritis.
  • To assess the efficacy and safety of supplements like glucosamine, chondroitin, and others for OA symptom relief and disease modification.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing research on dietary supplements for osteoarthritis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, S-adenosylmethionine, and other herbal supplements.
  • Evaluation of evidence regarding symptom improvement, disease progression, and safety profiles.

Main Results:

  • Glucosamine sulfate shows promise in improving OA pain and potentially slowing knee OA progression.
  • Chondroitin sulfate may reduce OA symptoms; however, evidence does not support the combination with glucosamine being superior to monotherapy.
  • S-adenosylmethionine may offer pain relief but faces limitations due to cost and quality concerns.
  • Limited reliable evidence exists for the long-term safety and effectiveness of methylsulfonylmethane, devil's claw, turmeric, and ginger for OA.

Conclusions:

  • Glucosamine sulfate is a potentially beneficial supplement for osteoarthritis symptom management and knee OA progression.
  • Chondroitin sulfate offers symptomatic relief, but combined use with glucosamine lacks superior efficacy evidence.
  • Further research is needed to establish the long-term safety and effectiveness of other popular supplements for osteoarthritis.