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Nursing interventions for smoking cessation.

V H Rice1, L F Stead

  • 1Wayne State University, College of Nursing, 5557 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA. vfrice@aol.com

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|February 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Nurses significantly increase patient smoking cessation rates through interventions. While effective, brief advice from nurses not focused on smoking cessation shows weaker results, highlighting the need for integrated smoking cessation support in standard care.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing Interventions
  • Public Health
  • Tobacco Control

Background:

  • Healthcare professionals, including nurses, routinely advise patients to quit smoking.
  • Smoking cessation advice can range from brief interventions to more intensive programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions delivered by nurses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Searched Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group register and CINAHL.
  • Included trials with at least six months follow-up; primary outcome was smoking abstinence.
  • Pooled data using Mantel-Haenszel fixed effect model; risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

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Main Results:

  • Forty-two studies were included; nursing interventions significantly increased smoking cessation likelihood (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.38).
  • Effectiveness was observed in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients.
  • Weaker evidence supported lower intensity interventions, and interventions by nurses not primarily focused on smoking cessation showed less effect.

Conclusions:

  • Nursing-delivered smoking cessation interventions demonstrate potential benefits and are reasonably effective.
  • Integrating smoking cessation support into routine nursing practice is crucial for widespread patient benefit.
  • Standardizing the approach to asking about tobacco use and providing cessation support is recommended.