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Updated: Jul 7, 2026
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Published on: March 27, 2016
[Structural plasticity in the adult central nervous system]
Torbjørn Elvsåshagen1, Ulrik Fredrik Malt
1Avdeling for nevropsykiatri og psykosomatisk medisin, Nevroklinikken, Rikshospitalet 0027 Oslo. torbjorn.elvsashagen@rikshospitalet.no
Summary
The adult brain exhibits significant structural plasticity, with learning promoting new connections and neurogenesis occurring in key areas. This neuroplasticity offers potential therapeutic strategies for central nervous system disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neurobiology
- Central Nervous System Plasticity
Context:
- Recent neurobiological research challenges previous beliefs about the limited plasticity of the adult central nervous system.
- This review focuses on the structural plasticity observed in the adult central nervous system.
Purpose:
- To review the current understanding of structural plasticity in the adult central nervous system.
- To explore the role of neurogenesis and synaptic changes in adult brain function and pathology.
Summary:
- Animal studies show synaptic turnover and increased synaptogenesis during learning in adult brains.
- Adult neurogenesis occurs in the human hippocampus and olfactory bulb, potentially aiding learning and olfactory function.
- Neurogenesis is upregulated in conditions like stroke and Huntington's disease, suggesting a regenerative response.
Impact:
- Neuroplasticity findings impact theories of learning and the treatment of central nervous system disorders.
- Medications and learning can induce measurable gray matter changes in the adult human brain.
- Enhancing neurogenesis presents a potential novel therapeutic avenue for neurological conditions.
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