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Related Concept Videos

Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on the metal...
Aliasing01:18

Aliasing

Accurate signal sampling and reconstruction are crucial in various signal-processing applications. A time-domain signal's spectrum can be revealed using its Fourier transform. When this signal is sampled at a specific frequency, it results in multiple scaled replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain. The spacing of these replicas is determined by the sampling frequency.
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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms
08:48

Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms

Published on: September 25, 2020

Concealed holographic coding for security applications by using a moiré technique.

X Zhang, E Dalsgaard, S Liu

    Applied Optics
    |February 12, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a novel optical coding method using the moiré phenomenon to significantly improve hologram security. This technique embeds invisible phase patterns, making holograms extremely difficult to counterfeit.

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

    Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms
    08:48

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    Published on: September 25, 2020

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    09:04

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    Published on: January 14, 2020

    Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo
    09:36

    Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

    Published on: March 19, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Materials Science
    • Security Technology

    Background:

    • Security holograms are widely used but vulnerable to counterfeiting.
    • Existing anticounterfeiting measures can be circumvented.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a new optical coding technique for enhanced hologram anticounterfeiting.
    • To leverage the moiré phenomenon for robust security features.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an optical coding technique based on the moiré phenomenon.
    • Incorporated an invisible phase pattern into the hologram code.
    • Utilized holographic, photographic, and embossing methods for fabrication.

    Main Results:

    • The optical coding technique enhances the anticounterfeiting capabilities of security holograms.
    • The embedded phase pattern is invisible and undetectable by standard optical equipment.
    • Fabricated coded holograms and decoders using advanced techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • The moiré-based optical coding offers a powerful and difficult-to-imitate solution for hologram security.
    • This technique significantly raises the barrier against hologram counterfeiting.