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Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...

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A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/α
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A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/α

Published on: November 2, 2018

Shared principles in NF-kappaB signaling.

Matthew S Hayden1, Sankar Ghosh

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Cell
|February 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The transcription factor Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is crucial in cellular responses. This research synthesizes key principles to unify understanding of its complex regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is a pivotal inducible transcription factor with over two decades of research.
  • Its activation by diverse stimuli and regulation of numerous genes highlight its significance in cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize fundamental principles governing NF-kappaB activity.
  • To establish a unified perspective on NF-kappaB pathway regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing NF-kappaB research.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways and gene targets associated with NF-kappaB activation.

Main Results:

  • Identified core mechanisms underlying NF-kappaB induction and function.
  • Highlighted the interconnectedness of various signaling inputs converging on NF-kappaB.

Conclusions:

  • A unified view of NF-kappaB regulation is achievable through synthesizing current knowledge.
  • Understanding NF-kappaB's basic principles is essential for continued research in immunology and disease.