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Cyanobacteria-bryophyte symbioses.

David G Adams1, Paula S Duggan

  • 1Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Garstang Building, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. d.g.adams@leeds.ac.uk

Journal of Experimental Botany
|February 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cyanobacteria form vital symbiotic relationships with plants like liverworts and hornworts. Specialized motile filaments, hormogonia, use pili and gliding motility to initiate these essential nitrogen-fixing symbioses.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Science
  • Symbiosis Research

Background:

  • Cyanobacteria are crucial prokaryotes for global carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) fixation.
  • They engage in symbiotic associations with diverse eukaryotic hosts, including plants, fungi, sponges, and protists.
  • Symbiotic cyanobacteria, often Nostoc spp., provide hosts with fixed nitrogen and carbon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cyanobacterial symbioses with liverworts and hornworts.
  • To emphasize the role of pili and gliding motility in symbiotic competence.
  • To summarize host-plant interactions influencing cyanobiont development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cyanobacterial-bryophyte symbioses.
  • Analysis of host-derived chemical signaling pathways.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of cyanobiont morphological and physiological adaptations.

    • Main Results:

    • Host plants release signals to guide and stimulate cyanobacterial hormogonia entry.
    • Internal host signals promote heterocyst development and N2 fixation.
    • Cyanobionts exhibit reduced growth/CO2 fixation and enhanced N2 fixation, sharing nutrients with the host.

    Conclusions:

    • Pili and gliding motility are critical for hormogonia's symbiotic competence.
    • Cyanobacterial symbioses with liverworts and hornworts involve complex signaling and adaptation.
    • These symbioses significantly contribute to nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.