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Knocking Detection of a Gasoline Engine by Utilizing an Optical Fiber with Specific Refractive-index Composition.

M Komachiya, H Sonobe, T Fumino

|February 13, 2008

Summary

A new sensor detects gasoline engine knocking by measuring in-cylinder pressure changes. This fiber optic sensor, installed in the head gasket, accurately identifies knocking across various severity levels.

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Area of Science:

Mechanical Engineering
Materials Science
Sensor Technology

Background:

Abnormal combustion in gasoline engines produces knocking, a detrimental phenomenon.
Detecting engine knock is crucial for performance optimization and preventing damage.
Traditional knock detection methods have limitations in sensitivity and response time.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate a novel fiber optic sensor for in-cylinder pressure measurement.
To assess the sensor's capability in detecting gasoline engine knocking.
To evaluate the sensor's performance under diverse knocking conditions.

Main Methods:

Utilized a prototype fiber optic sensor based on bending loss.
Designed the sensor with a specific refractive-index composition for high-frequency response.
Integrated the sensor into an engine head gasket for in-cylinder pressure monitoring.
Tested the sensor across a range of trace- to heavy-knock conditions.

Main Results:

The prototype sensor demonstrated a high-frequency response suitable for knock detection.
The bending power loss mechanism effectively translated pressure variations into detectable signals.
Knocking signals were successfully identified under various trace- to heavy-knock conditions.
The sensor's small structure facilitated integration into the engine head gasket.

Conclusions:

The proposed fiber optic sensor is a viable method for detecting gasoline engine knock.
The sensor offers a sensitive and responsive approach to in-cylinder pressure measurement for knock analysis.
This technology has potential for real-time engine knock monitoring and control systems.