Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
Published on: June 3, 2015
Design and analysis of electrically calibrated tympanic thermometers
Abstract:
A new tympanic thermometer is analyzed and testedexperimentally. An electrically calibrated pyroelectric detector ofspecial configuration is employed to determine a person's bodytemperature. An energy-storage, power-supply-isolated capacitor isused as the electrical heating reference. The new thermometerdesign has an accuracy within ?0.1 degrees C with a 90% confidence and isimmune to ambient temperature, detector aging, and parametervariations. An equivalent-circuit model is established in theanalysis to account for the heat exchanges among the tympanum, thesurroundings, and the detector as well as for the electrothermalbehavior of the detector. The model provides effective simulationof the thermometer with PSPICE. Critical parameters governing theaccuracy and the limitation of the tympanic thermometer are alsopointed out by the simulation.
Related Concept Videos
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.
Step 3: Assess the patient's forehead...
Assessing Body Temperature - Oral
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
Temperature Measurement Sites
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...

