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Stereoisomers

Stereoisomers

On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to restricted...

Fischer Projections

Fischer Projections

Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines. While...

Stereoisomerism

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...

Newman Projections

Newman Projections

Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
The organic molecules rotate across the single bonds leading to numerous temporary three-dimensional structures of varying energy known as conformers.

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next sampling...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

Stereo image coding: a projection approach.

H Aydinoğlu¹, M H Hayes

¹Center for Signal and Image Process., Georgia Inst. of Technol., Atlanta, GA 30339, USA. haluk_aydinoglu@retek.com

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

|February 16, 2008

Summary

A new subspace projection technique (SPT) enhances stereo image coding by adapting to image pair characteristics. This method offers superior compression efficiency for 3-D imaging systems compared to existing approaches.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

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Area of Science:

Computer Vision
Image Processing
Data Compression

Background:

Three-dimensional (3-D) imaging systems are increasingly popular due to display technology advances.
Stereo pairs, images of the same scene from different viewpoints, stimulate 3-D perception.
Efficient data compression is crucial for stereo pairs due to inherent redundancy.

Purpose of the Study:

To address the challenge of efficient stereo image coding.
To introduce and evaluate a novel stereo image coding algorithm.
To improve the representation of stereo image data for compression.

Main Methods:

A new algorithm, the subspace projection technique (SPT), is proposed.
SPT is a transform domain approach utilizing disparity compensation.
It features a space-varying transformation matrix for adaptive processing.

Main Results:

The proposed SPT algorithm adapts locally to stereo pair cross-correlation changes.
Empirical results demonstrate SPT's effectiveness.
SPT outperforms current stereo coding techniques in performance.

Conclusions:

The subspace projection technique (SPT) provides an effective method for stereo image coding.
SPT offers adaptive spatial-transform domain representation for stereo data.
This approach advances the efficiency of 3-D imaging systems.