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Pulse-echo single frequency acoustic nonlinearity parameter (B /A) measurement.

M Nikoonahad1, D C Liu

  • 1Bio-Imaging Res., Lincolnshire, IL.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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This study introduces a new pulse-echo method for measuring the nonlinear parameter B/A. The technique uses increasing amplitude excitation to detect deviations from linearity, enabling accurate B/A computation.

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear acoustics
  • Ultrasonic measurement techniques
  • Materials characterization

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of the nonlinear parameter B/A is crucial for various applications, including ultrasonic tissue characterization and nonlinear material analysis.
  • Existing methods may face limitations in precision or applicability.
  • The nonlinear parameter B/A quantifies the deviation from linear acoustic propagation in a medium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel single-frequency pulse-echo method for precise B/A measurement.
  • To establish a robust analytical framework for predicting wave propagation and transducer response.
  • To demonstrate the method's efficacy through simulations and experimental validation.

Main Methods:

  • A pulse-echo technique employing single-frequency excitation at progressively increasing amplitude levels.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Derivation of a three-dimensional analytical formulation from the nonlinear wave equation to predict finite-amplitude wave fields.
  • Computation of transducer output voltage and exclusion of diffraction effects through normalization.
  • Nonlinear least-squares fitting of experimental data to the analytical model for B/A determination.

    • Main Results:

    • A validated analytical model accurately predicts transducer output voltage based on increasing signal levels.
    • Demonstration that diffraction effects can be effectively excluded via normalization.
    • Successful computation of the B/A parameter through nonlinear least-squares fitting.
    • Preliminary experimental validation at 3.5 GHz.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed pulse-echo method offers a reliable approach for B/A measurement.
    • The analytical formulation provides a strong theoretical basis for the experimental technique.
    • The method shows promise for accurate nonlinear acoustic parameter determination in various media.