Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

4.9K
The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
4.9K
Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

3.4K
The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
3.4K
Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

5.7K
The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
5.7K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.3K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.3K
Persuasion Strategies01:52

Persuasion Strategies

43.5K
Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
43.5K
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

51.8K
Overview
51.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Elective neck dissection in clinically early stage (cT1-T2N0) supraglottic squamous cell carcinomas: a systematic review.

Surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Reply to Borewad et al. Comment on "Rao et al. The Oncological Outcome of Postoperative Radiotherapy in Patients with Node-Negative Early-Stage (T1/T2/N0) Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Perineural Invasion: A Meta-Analysis. <i>Cancers</i> 2025, <i>17</i>, 862".

Cancers·2026
Same author

Precision Diagnosis in Cutaneous Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Biomedicines·2026
Same author

Bayesian Monte Carlo Simulation Based on Systematic Review for Personalized Risk Stratification of Contralateral Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Patterns of Lateral Lymph Node Involvement by Neck Level in cNIb Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Micrometastasis and Isolated Tumor Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Refining Nodal Staging with Emerging Technologies.

Head and neck pathology·2025
Same journal

Comment on "Experts V/S AI´s 2.0: comparative evaluation of ai models and expert consensus in obstructive sleep apnea assessment".

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026
Same journal

Adenoid-Nasopharyngeal Ratio and craniofacial growth in Children: A two-center longitudinal study with threshold and causal analyses.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026
Same journal

Association of multidisciplinary team management with survival in sinonasal malignancies: a real-world IPTW cohort study.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026
Same journal

Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea in a Danish rural population - cross-sectional data from the Lolland-Falster Health Study.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026
Same journal

Pharyngocutaneous fistula following total laryngectomy: a systematic review of risk factors and management strategies (2010-2024).

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026
Same journal

"MELMA" in otolaryngology: Medical evaluation of large language model answers. Clinician-rated scoring (MELMA-Q) and web-based auditing (MELMA-W) novel tools for AI assessment.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

1.5K

Neck dissection: present and future?

Alfio Ferlito1, Carl E Silver, Alessandra Rinaldo

  • 1Department of Surgical Sciences, ENT Clinic, University of Udine, Policlinico Universitario, Udine, Italy. a.ferlito@uniud.it

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|February 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New definitions for neck lymph node levels improve surgical accuracy in head and neck cancer. Research also refines neck dissections by identifying less common metastatic sites, aiming for more efficient treatments.

More Related Videos

Orthopedic Robot-Assisted Femoral Neck System in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture
05:42

Orthopedic Robot-Assisted Femoral Neck System in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture

Published on: March 3, 2023

3.3K
Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
07:43

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction

Published on: September 29, 2018

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

1.5K
Orthopedic Robot-Assisted Femoral Neck System in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture
05:42

Orthopedic Robot-Assisted Femoral Neck System in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture

Published on: March 3, 2023

3.3K
Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
07:43

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction

Published on: September 29, 2018

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Oncology
  • Head and Neck Cancer Research
  • Lymphatic Metastasis

Background:

  • Current surgical treatment of the neck in head and neck cancer faces several challenges.
  • Accurate staging and efficient surgical procedures are critical for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on surgical treatment of the neck in head and neck cancer.
  • To propose refined definitions for lymph node levels and evaluate molecular studies for metastatic potential.
  • To inform the design of more effective and efficient surgical procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pertinent current literature and extraction of relevant data.
  • Analysis of multi-institutional prospective pathologic studies of neck dissection specimens.
  • Evaluation of molecular studies for detecting subclinical metastatic deposits.

Main Results:

  • New landmarks have been defined for distinguishing lymph node sublevels (IB/IIA, VI, VII), improving clinical and radiographic examination.
  • Molecular studies for detecting subclinical metastases are not yet reliable for practical application.
  • Sublevels IIB and level IV are rarely the initial lymphatic drainage sites for most head and neck squamous cell cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Refined lymph node level definitions enhance pretreatment staging accuracy.
  • Selective neck dissections can be modified based on lymphatic drainage patterns to reduce morbidity and operating time.
  • Further research aims to optimize surgical treatment for cervical metastatic disease, improving efficiency and reducing patient morbidity.