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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
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Functionalization of MWCNTs with atomic nitrogen.

Benoit Ruelle1, Alexandre Felten, Jacques Ghijsen

  • 1LCIA, University of Mons-Hainaut, Avenue Nicolas Copernic 1, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.

Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)
|February 23, 2008
PubMed
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Nitrogen plasma treatment functionalizes carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by grafting nitrogen-containing groups onto their surface. This process enhances CNT properties without significant surface etching, as confirmed by HRTEM and XPS analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess unique electronic and mechanical properties.
  • Surface functionalization is crucial for tailoring CNTs for specific applications.
  • Nitrogen plasma offers a potential route for CNT surface modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of atomic nitrogen exposure from microwave plasma on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).
  • To determine if nitrogen plasma treatment etches the CNT surface.
  • To identify the types of functional groups grafted onto the MWCNT surface and their impact on electronic properties.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of MWCNTs to nitrogen plasma generated by microwave plasma.
  • High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for surface morphology analysis.
  • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chemical state and functional group identification.
  • Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) for analyzing changes in valence electronic states.

Main Results:

  • Atomic nitrogen exposure did not cause significant etching of the MWCNT surface.
  • Successful grafting of amine, nitrile, amide, and oxime groups onto the MWCNT surface was confirmed by XPS.
  • Significant alterations in the density of valence electronic states were observed via UPS.

Conclusions:

  • Microwave nitrogen plasma is an effective method for functionalizing MWCNTs.
  • The functionalization process introduces various nitrogen-containing groups without degrading the CNT structure.
  • Surface modification alters the electronic properties of MWCNTs, opening possibilities for advanced applications.