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Related Experiment Videos

Mathematical problem solving by analogy.

L R Novick1, K J Holyoak

  • 1Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Solving math word problems using analogy is complex. Adaptation, not just mapping, is key, and mathematical expertise aids transfer, while general reasoning does not.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • Analogical reasoning is crucial for problem-solving.
  • Understanding component processes in mathematical word problem-solving is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the component processes of solving mathematical word problems by analogy.
  • To identify factors influencing analogical transfer in mathematical problem-solving.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 2 experiments and a verbal protocol study.
  • College students studied source problems and solved analogous target problems.
  • Utilized hints to isolate key cognitive processes.

Main Results:

  • Distinguished mapping and adaptation processes; adaptation proved a major difficulty.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Demonstrated schema induction as a consequence of analogical transfer.
  • Found time pressure mediated transfer and solution accuracy; mathematical expertise predicted transfer, general ability did not.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adaptation is a critical bottleneck in analogical problem-solving.
    • Schema induction naturally supports subsequent problem-solving.
    • Instructional strategies should consider expertise and time pressure for effective analogical transfer.