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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

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Optic neuritis in dogs and cats.

¹Clinic for Surgery and Ophthalmology, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Veterinary University of Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria. barbara.nell@vu-wien.ac.at

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice

|February 27, 2008

Summary

Optic neuritis, affecting vision due to optic nerve demyelination, is common in dogs. This review explores immune-mediated causes and differentials in pets and compares them to human and animal models.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Neurology
Ophthalmology
Immunology

Background:

Optic neuritis involves optic nerve demyelination, causing vision loss.
Causes are often elusive in animals, with normal diagnostic tests.
Dogs are disproportionately affected compared to other species.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine immune-mediated optic neuritis in dogs and cats.
To discuss differential etiologies for optic neuritis.
To compare animal cases with human and laboratory models.

Main Methods:

Literature review of optic neuritis in domestic animals.
Comparative analysis of human and animal optic neuritis cases.
Discussion of diagnostic challenges and potential causes.

Main Results:

Immune-mediated inflammation is a significant cause of optic neuritis in dogs and cats.
Differential diagnoses include infectious, neoplastic, and toxic causes.
Understanding animal models aids human optic neuritis research.

Conclusions:

Immune-mediated optic neuritis requires thorough investigation in affected pets.
Comparative approaches enhance understanding of optic nerve diseases.
Further research is needed to elucidate specific triggers and treatments.