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[Prothrombotic and prethrombotic markers in obese diabetic and non-diabetic subjects]
S Ferlito1, V Di Mauro, A Palermo
1Istituto di Clinica Medica I, Università di Catania.
Insights
Obesity and type 2 diabetes impact blood clotting markers. Increased fibrinogen, factor VII, beta thromboglobulin, and D-dimer were observed, while antithrombin III and tissue plasminogen activator decreased with age and other factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Hematology
Background:
- Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events.
- Understanding the interplay between metabolic parameters and hemostatic markers is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate prothrombotic and prethrombotic markers in obese individuals, including those with type 2 diabetes.
- To correlate these markers with various physiopathological parameters such as age, BMI, and lipid profiles.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 93 obese subjects (62 with type 2 diabetes) for plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, factor VII, antithrombin III, tissue plasminogen activator, beta thromboglobulin, and D-dimer.
- Measurements utilized enzymatic, coagulometric, chromogenic, and ELISA methods.
- Results were analyzed in relation to sex, age, BMI, waist/thigh ratio, cholesterol, triglycerides, and diabetes treatment.
Main Results:
- Fibrinogen levels increased with higher BMI, cholesterol, and age.
- Factor VII was elevated with higher cholesterol, BMI, and in females.
- Antithrombin III decreased with age and gynoid waist/thigh ratio.
- Tissue plasminogen activator reduced in older individuals (>65 yrs).
- Beta thromboglobulin increased in hypercholesterolemic and hypertriglyceridemic subjects.
- D-dimer levels rose proportionally with age.
Conclusions:
- Obesity and associated metabolic derangements significantly alter hemostatic balance.
- Age and specific anthropometric measures further influence these prothrombotic and prethrombotic marker levels.
- Findings highlight the complex relationship between metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and thrombotic risk.
Abstract:
The Authors studied the behaviour of some prothrombotic (fibrinogen, factor VII, antithrombin III and tissue plasminogen activator) and prethrombotic (beta thromboglobulin, D-dimer) markers in a group of obese subjects in relation to various physiopathological parameters. The series consist of 93 obese subjects (29 m, 64 f, mean age 55 +/- 6 yrs, BMI 33 +/- 1), of whom 62 suffering from type 2 diabetes in good metabolic control obtained by oral hypoglycemic (42 cases) or insulin (20 cases) treatment. For each subject the Authors determined the plasmatic levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides (enzymatic method, Boehringer kits), fibrinogen (coagulometric method, Organon kit), factor VII (chromogenic method, IL kit), antithrombin III (chromogenic method, IL kit), tissue plasminogen, beta thromboglobulin and D-dimer (ELISA method, Boehringer kits). The results were examined in relation to sex, age, overweight degree, waist/thigh ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides and, for diabetics, to the therapeutical treatment. The fibrinogen plasma levels proved statistically (0.05) increased proportionally to the overweight degree (BMI over 35), cholesterol levels (over 250 mg%) and age (51-65 yrs); factor VII showed a significant increase (0.05) related to the cholesterol levels, the overweight degree and, surprisingly, to female sex; as regards antithrombin III, its sharp reduction was related with ageing and with the "gynoid type" waist/thigh ratio; tissue plasminogen activator showed a statistically significant reduction (0.05) in the group with older age (over 65 yrs); the beta thromboglobulin levels were obviously increased (0.05) in the hypercholesterolemic and hypertriglyceridemic subjects (over 250 mg%), the D-dimer values increased proportionally with age (0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)