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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Connective Tissue Fibers and Ground Substance01:17

Connective Tissue Fibers and Ground Substance

One of the significant functions of connective tissue is connecting tissues and organs. Unlike epithelial tissue that is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. The matrix usually includes a large amount of extracellular material produced by the connective tissue cells that are embedded within it. It plays a significant role in the functioning of this tissue. The major component of the matrix is a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
09:03

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

Extracellular matrix in the trabecular meshwork.

Ted S Acott1, Mary J Kelley

  • 1Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3375 SW Terwilliger, Portland, OR 97239-4197, USA. acott@ohsu.edu

Experimental Eye Research
|March 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The trabecular meshwork extracellular matrix (ECM) is key to regulating intraocular pressure (IOP). Its composition and turnover are vital for aqueous humor outflow, with changes linked to glaucoma.

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A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
09:40

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

Published on: January 4, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
09:03

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
09:40

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

Published on: January 4, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the trabecular meshwork (TM) plays a crucial role in regulating intraocular pressure (IOP).
  • Aqueous humor outflow resistance is the primary mechanism for IOP regulation, but the precise location and nature of this resistance remain unidentified.
  • It is unclear whether the increased outflow resistance observed in open-angle glaucoma differs from normal resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the composition and dynamics of the trabecular meshwork (TM) extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • To explore the role of ECM turnover in regulating intraocular pressure (IOP) and aqueous humor outflow.
  • To identify changes in ECM associated with open-angle glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ECM components in the TM, juxtacanalicular region (JCT), and Schlemm's canal (SC) inner wall.
  • Examination of ECM turnover, including degradation and biosynthetic replacement processes.
  • Investigation of how cytokines, growth factors, and drugs influence ECM expression and cellular organization.

Main Results:

  • The TM ECM comprises collagens, elastin, proteoglycans, and cell adhesion proteins, with both basement membranes and stromal ECM present.
  • ECM turnover is a dynamic process regulated by enzymes and influenced by pressure changes or mechanical stretching.
  • Changes in ECM components, gene expression, and cellular organization are observed in response to various stimuli and are associated with open-angle glaucoma.

Conclusions:

  • The trabecular meshwork ECM is a dynamic structure critical for maintaining intraocular pressure homeostasis.
  • Understanding TM ECM composition and regulation is essential for comprehending normal IOP and the pathophysiology of glaucoma.
  • Targeting ECM remodeling presents a potential therapeutic strategy for managing glaucoma.