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Plasma biomarkers in pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
Melinda E Lull1, Nurgul Carkaci-Salli, Willard M Freeman
1Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.
Insights
This study identified key plasma protein biomarkers in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). These findings may help develop new strategies to prevent CPB-related complications in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pediatric Medicine
- Proteomics
Background:
- Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) poses risks to pediatric patients.
- Identifying biomarkers is crucial for managing CPB-related complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To screen the plasma proteome of pediatric patients undergoing CPB.
- To identify potential clinical biomarkers for tissue damage and inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Collected plasma samples from 10 children at five time points during CPB.
- Utilized 2D-DIGE and MALDI-TOF MS for proteomic analysis.
- Measured protein levels, small molecules, and ions.
Main Results:
- Identified 13 altered proteins, including hemopexin and ceruloplasmin, with significant decreases during CPB.
- Observed changes in copper, iron, Hb, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.
- Potential markers for inflammation and oxidative stress were identified.
Conclusions:
- Preliminary findings suggest specific proteins and molecules as potential biomarkers.
- These biomarkers may aid in developing preventative measures for pediatric CPB.
- Further research can illuminate treatments for CPB-associated pathologies.
Abstract:
It is critical to identify at-risk patients and minimize the deleterious effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures in pediatric populations. The present study screened the plasma proteome of pediatric patients undergoing CPB procedures to identify potential clinical biomarkers related to tissue damage, inflammation, or other pathologies. Blood samples were collected at five different time points from 10 children undergoing a CPB procedure. Plasma was isolated and analyzed using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Levels of differentially regulated proteins identified by two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis, and related proteins were then measured in all time points and patients. As well, associated small molecules and ions were measured. The present study identified 13 proteins and protein isoforms altered in expression, including hemopexin, ceruloplasmin, inter-alpha inhibitor H4, and alpha-2-macroglobulin. Immunoblot analysis revealed significant decreases in each of these proteins during the CPB procedure. Significant changes in the levels of copper, iron, Hb, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin were observed. The potential markers of pathology (inflammation, oxidative stress) identified during this preliminary study may illuminate opportunities for preventative measures and/or treatments during and following CPB procedures in pediatric patients.
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