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Angioedema: clinical and etiological aspects
Kanokvalai Kulthanan1, Sukhum Jiamton, Kanonrat Boochangkool
1Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. sikkt@mahidol.ac.th
Clinical & Developmental Immunology
|March 5, 2008
Summary
This study on angioedema found allergic reactions were the most common cause, with food and drugs frequently triggering it. Many patients experienced recurrent swelling, often affecting the face and lips.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Medicine
- Immunology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Angioedema is characterized by sudden swelling affecting skin, mucous membranes, and potentially respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.
- Understanding the diverse etiologies and clinical presentations of angioedema is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the etiologies, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of angioedema in a university hospital setting.
- To identify common triggers and patterns of angioedema, including allergic and drug-induced forms.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 105 patients diagnosed with angioedema.
- Data collection included patient demographics, affected sites, systemic symptoms, triggers, recurrence, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Allergic angioedema was the most frequent cause (most common cause), followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced (20%) and idiopathic (18%) angioedema.
- Common sites of swelling included the periorbital area and lips; 49% of patients experienced systemic symptoms.
- Recurrent angioedema affected 39% of patients, with an average of 3.9 attacks. Older age and multiple skin sites correlated with systemic symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Allergic reactions, particularly to food and drugs, are primary drivers of angioedema.
- Angioedema management requires consideration of diverse etiologies, including allergic, NSAID-induced, and idiopathic forms.
- Clinical presentation, including systemic involvement and recurrence, varies, with age and affected sites being potential indicators.
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