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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

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Blood donor screening: how to decrease the risk of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus?

Christoph Niederhauser1, Behrouz Mansouri Taleghani, Mauro Graziani

  • 1Regional Blood Transfusion Service Berne, Bern, Switzerland. christoph.niederhauser@bsd-be.ch

Swiss Medical Weekly
|March 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Routine anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) testing in Swiss blood donations is cost-effective, identifying a low prevalence of potentially infectious donors. Further research is needed for more specific assays to minimize false positives and optimize blood product safety.

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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
09:35

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Switzerland's blood supply safety relies solely on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV).
  • This limited screening poses a significant risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) and HBV nucleic acid testing (NAT) positive donations in Swiss blood donors.
  • To assess the potential benefit of supplemental HBV testing for enhancing blood product safety.

Main Methods:

  • Two Swiss donor populations were screened for HBsAg, anti-HBc (using EIA and other assays), and HBV NAT (in minipools and individually).
  • Repeatedly reactive anti-HBc donations underwent confirmatory testing with supplemental anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and single donation HBV NAT.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed anti-HBc positive donations were found in a low prevalence (<2%) across both donor populations.
  • Only one HBV NAT positive donation (which was also HBsAg positive) was detected among over 18,000 donations.
  • HBV NAT in minipools showed minimal benefit due to inadequate sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Routine anti-HBc testing is considered cost-effective, potentially improving blood product safety by identifying a small percentage of infectious donors.
  • Development of more specific assays is crucial to reduce the deferral rate of false-positive donors.
  • Further evaluation of individual donation NAT, alone or with anti-HBc, is recommended for Swiss blood donor populations.